2013年AP美国历史简答题真题+答案+PDF下载
1. Analyze the causes of growing opposition to slavery in the United States from 1776 to 1852. In your response, consider both underlying forces and specific events that contributed to the growing opposition.
Document A
Document B
Source: Commonwealth of Massachusetts v. Nathaniel Jennison, 1783, a decision upholding the abolition of slavery in Massachusetts.
As to the doctrine of slavery and the right of Christians to hold Africans in perpetual servitude, and sell and treat them as we do our horses and cattle, that (it is true) has been [formerly] countenanced by the . . . laws . . . but . . . a different idea has taken place with the people of America, more favorable to the natural rights of mankind, and to that natural, innate desire of Liberty, with which Heaven (without regard to color, complexion, or shape of noses) . . . has inspired all the human race. And upon this ground our . . . Government, by which the people of this Commonwealth have solemnly bound themselves, sets out with declaring that all men are born free and equal—and that every subject is entitled to liberty, and to have it guarded by the laws, as well as life and property—and in short is totally repugnant to the idea of being born slaves.
Document C
Source: Benjamin Rush, a prominent White Philadelphia physician and reformer, letter of introduction for the Reverend Mr. Gloucester to Samuel Bayard, a resident of Princeton, New Jersey, 1810.
The bearer of this letter, the Reverend Mr. Gloucester, an [African American] ordained minister of the Presbyterian Church, visits your town in order to obtain pecuniary aid to enable him to purchase the freedom of his wife and children, for which the extravagant sum of 1,500 dollars has been demanded by their master and mistress. The friends of religion and of the poor Africans in Philadelphia have sent 500 dollars to them for that purpose and have subscribed liberally towards building him a church. At present he preaches to crowds of his African brethren in a schoolhouse every Sunday, and to great acceptance. The prospects of his usefulness to them are very great. . . . By the present census it appears that the blacks in our city will amount to more than 2,000 souls. Their late great increase is from migration from the southern states.
Document D
Source: American Colonization Society, petition presented to Congress, February 2, 1820.
The last census shows the number of the free people of color of the United States, and their rapid increase.
. . . The least observation shows that this description of persons are not, and cannot be, either useful or happy among us; and many considerations, which need not be mentioned,prove, beyond dispute, that this is best, for all the parties interested, that there should be a separation . . .
[We] cannot believe that such an evil, universally acknowledged and deprecated, has been irremovably fixed upon us. Some way will always be opened by Providence by which a people desirous of acting justly and benevolently may be led to the attainment of a meritorious object. And [we] believe that . . . the colonization of Africa, in the manner proposed, present[s] the fairest prospects of success.
2013年AP美国历史简答题真题余下省略！
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